Narration is one of the most important concepts in English grammar. While changing narration, it is very important to follow certain rules. These rules at times differ according to the types of sentences. Let’s have a look at the rules of narration for different types of sentences in this post.
Rules of Narration for Assertive Sentences:
Rule 1: If there is no object after reporting verb, then it should not be changed. For example:
• Direct Speech: He said, “I bought a play gun from Nerf India collection for my nephew.”
Indirect Speech: He said that he bought a play gun from Nerf India collection for his nephew.
Rule 2: If there is any object after the reporting verb, then say is changed to tell, ‘says’ to ‘tells’ and ‘said’ to ‘told’. For example:
• Direct Speech: She said to me, “Pre Nan Nestle Baby is healthy and nutritious for babies.”
Indirect Speech: She told me that Pre Nan Nestle is healthy and nutritious for babies.
Rule 3: ‘said’ can be replaced by replied, stated, and added and more as per the context of the assertive sentence. For example:
• Direct Speech: She said to him, “I am going to school today.”
Indirect Speech: She replied to him that she is going to school that day.
Rules of Narration for Interrogative Sentences:
Rule 1: In interrogative sentences, ‘said’ is changed to ‘asked’ while changing from direct to indirect speech. At times, ‘said’ is also changed to ‘enquired’ or related terms as per the context.
Rule 2: If the question is formed with is/are/am/was/were etc. then it is replaced by ‘if’ or ‘whether’.
Rule 3: While changing from direct to indirect speech, the question mark is removed as the reported speech is an indirect statement and not a direct question.
For example:
• Direct Speech: She said to him, “Have you bought anything from Philips Avent India brand?”
Indirect Speech: She asked to him whether he has bought anything from Philips Avent India brand.
These are some of the rules of narration that is defined as per different types of sentences.
Rules of Narration for Assertive Sentences:
Rule 1: If there is no object after reporting verb, then it should not be changed. For example:
• Direct Speech: He said, “I bought a play gun from Nerf India collection for my nephew.”
Indirect Speech: He said that he bought a play gun from Nerf India collection for his nephew.
Rule 2: If there is any object after the reporting verb, then say is changed to tell, ‘says’ to ‘tells’ and ‘said’ to ‘told’. For example:
• Direct Speech: She said to me, “Pre Nan Nestle Baby is healthy and nutritious for babies.”
Indirect Speech: She told me that Pre Nan Nestle is healthy and nutritious for babies.
Rule 3: ‘said’ can be replaced by replied, stated, and added and more as per the context of the assertive sentence. For example:
• Direct Speech: She said to him, “I am going to school today.”
Indirect Speech: She replied to him that she is going to school that day.
Rules of Narration for Interrogative Sentences:
Rule 1: In interrogative sentences, ‘said’ is changed to ‘asked’ while changing from direct to indirect speech. At times, ‘said’ is also changed to ‘enquired’ or related terms as per the context.
Rule 2: If the question is formed with is/are/am/was/were etc. then it is replaced by ‘if’ or ‘whether’.
Rule 3: While changing from direct to indirect speech, the question mark is removed as the reported speech is an indirect statement and not a direct question.
For example:
• Direct Speech: She said to him, “Have you bought anything from Philips Avent India brand?”
Indirect Speech: She asked to him whether he has bought anything from Philips Avent India brand.
These are some of the rules of narration that is defined as per different types of sentences.
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